There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. Some of the reasons include preservation of identities. Minority Marginalization 3.6 6. 3 0 obj |4-Iv This is also one of the reasons for federal system of government in Nigeria. Then Nigeria was organised into a federation that had three regions. With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. However, that is not so in a federal government system. The governmental powers are shared between the federal government and the thirty-six state governments. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. Also see: Differences between Cross-offers and counter-offers, five reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria. Further Philosophical Issues 4.1 Sovereignty or federalism 4.2 Issues of Constitutional and Institutional Design 4.3 Sources of Stability 4.4 Division of Power 4.5 Distributive Justice These maladies have led to a renewal of the call for secession by the South-Eastern ethnic group of Nigeria for a Republic of Biafra, on the basis that they are being short-changed in the political cum socio-economic largess accumulating from the Centre.
(PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The Over the years, it is quite obvious that Nigeria is one of the few countries that adopted federal system of Government in Africa, a system that envisages autonomy for every sect of its authorities (federal, state and local government respectively). We hope to seeing you again on other posts of interest. It is important to also reason that small states are prone to domination and sometimes control by the big ones. It should be noted that the Federal Military Government had earlier by fiat taken proceeds from offshore prospecting and drilling activities directly under federal eminent domain. Federalism can be defined as a system of government in which political powers of the state are shared between the central government and other component units. REASONS FOR ADOPTION OF FEDERALISM According to IDEA (2015:3), federalism is adoption for the following reasons: Scale: This credited the operation of federalism to the adoption of democracy which allowed for citizens to participate directly in political life.
Does Federalism Make Sense For The Philippines? - Forbes Geographical nearness of the component states to each other and the state network of roads and transportation. In a Unitary system, the minority states cannot govern the entire region which is controlled by majority. Required fields are marked *.
The Challenge of Domesticating Children's Rights Treaties in Nigeria Why do nations federate?, what are the factors or conditions to have necessitated the adoption of federalism?, how is a federation to be organized?, how is power to be shared between the levels of government in a federation?, is federalism a means to an end or an end itself?, why do some federations succeed and others fail?. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government. As I have already explained, Nigeria is an amalgamation of three different regions with beliefs and customs. It forays into the inherent issues underlying the Biafran movement and the ways in which those issues, as well as Biafran agitation, are inimical to Nigeria's development. However, where there is a conflict of authority between the federal government and regional government, the federal authority supersedes. Size and population of a country is among the determinants of the level of power and influence which a country commands. Hon. stream /F2 9 0 R
Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism - Course Hero Another important factor that necessitated federalism in Nigeria was the political culture of the country. Nigeria is quite a big country with an area of 923,768 km2. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Have you ever wondered why Nigeria is practicing a federal system of government and not any other system? That notwithstanding, The origin and concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. One of the major reasons why countries choose federalism is because of size. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. Northern Cameroons should remain with Northern Nigeria but Southern Cameroon should be granted autonomy with a legislature of its own. Under this type, there exist a balkanization of formerly unitary state near disintegration and its diversities which progress to a state. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. In the same way, the political culture of the United States is civic, republican and participatory. Economic factors in adoption of federalism in Nigeria are not unconnected with the issues of resource control, wealth generation and redistribution, and income distribution. Federalism is a method of segregating powers so that the central and local governments are each within a domain, harmonizing and autonomous. x^[YsF~[-`pys)fk"%J hE;}LO *%gH=zoN/oNS~~zb|\U?_s3jJ}ZxhK2&$9|H-&9)q7"|kxN7i,anHiw>&_N~@bdkBs>gIM>z2|1zFDW+1"y-#HCQJmvj4CW5z,#IwHGc&Y"`Sg|2)FQ& p:?WT hQ4M:*|9tKy?c[U(zqfNBA=XCOf~2i6KC@;DGO?
Federalism in Nigeria : The past , Current Peril and Future Hopes /F3 12 0 R
True Federalism and Restructuring in Nigeria: Challenges and the - SSRN In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. Trouble for INEC staff who violated Electoral Act during presidential polls as c 53 things to do with your boyfriend: fun ways to spend time together, Presidential election: Jack-Rich salutes Tinubu, Shettima over victory, Maritime workers hail Supreme Court over old naira notes, says cargo can now leave ports, Dating apps in Nigeria: best applications to help you find the one. What a nice article, very educative for students in school, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Could you please explain fear of minorities, Economic factors and Diversities in culture. On the contrary it has also been suggested that is created more diversity and conflict for the nation to grapple with. It is believed by many that this was one of the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federalist system. The Legacy of Biafra: An Investigation into trauma as National Identity Fragmentation, Under Reconstruction: Ethnicity, Ethnic Nationalism, and the Future of the Nigerian State, ETHNIC SCHISM IN NIGERIA: A SOCIO-LITERAY STUDY OF CHINUA ACHEBE'S THERE WAS COUNTRY. I love this article,very educating and interesting
Ethnic Minorities and Federalism in Nigeria - JSTOR What is federalism? It came about following the necessity for administrative convenience and managerial expenses. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Very often, the problem has appeared in twofold. Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria. /Subtype /Image There was just the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate. The Plural nature of Nigeria: Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. The intimidating size of Nigeria does not only earn her an international respect but also provides her with a buffer to attacks by rogue nations and disgruntled neighbours. Common national, racial, religious, cultural linguistic or social ties have often contributed to the unification of political unit. Also, Read: Bad Leadership Causes, Effects And Solutions In Nigeria. Nigeria as a nation has succeeded in commanding influence among member states by the virtue of its size. Email Address. 1 Issue 2, BETWEEN THE PRISMS OF NECESSITY AND LEGALITY - THE IPOB PROSCRIPTION IN CONTESTATION_pp.43-57, RE-THINKING BIAFRA IDEOLOGY OF SELF-DETERMINATION IN NIGERIA, A (UN)JUST AND (UN)HOLY WAR?
>> By and large, it is the nature of the relationship of the federal and state governments that determines whether a state is federal or unitary. Manages And Maintains And Secures Nigeria.
(PDF) Politics Of Federalism in Nigeria: Preparing Human Capital for The availability of resources in a particular region and the need for that area to control the resources has also been seen as a reason for a federal system in Nigeria.
Federalism And Intergovernmental Relations In Nigeria - Samphina Again, in 1967 twelve states were created to appease the interest of those clamoring for states and weaken the geo-political holds of Biafra.
PDF The Efficacy of Federalism in a Multi-Ethnic State: The Nigerian - CORE 2023, Bscholarly LLC. 7 Cooperative federalism was dominant from the 1930s through the 1970s. << The Political Economy and Un-ending Search, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Federalism, Military Legacies and the Restructuring Debate in Contemporary Nigeria, Federalism, Decentralisation and the Liberalisation of Business Environment in Nigeria, Hands Behind their backs: Making a case for a region-centred restructuring framework, Nigerian Pseudo-Federalism and the Agitations for Restructuring, The evolution of fiscal centralism and strong centre federalism in Nigeria An historical analysis, The Nigerian fiscal formulas and the agitations for resource control in the Niger delta region of. In Nigerias case, the tongues and tribes that made up Nigeria has one colonial history. Besides the Big Three Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba, there are other macro and micro ethnic minorities in the country. This feature of federalism is widely believed to be a veritable framework for even and need-sensitive development. Constitutionalism in Nigeria has been crisis-ridden since independence in 1960. reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf. Government at different periods had set up commissions to advise on the acceptable revenue sharing formula, especially as it affects the three (3) tiers of government. Below are the reasons why Nigeria adopted a federal system of government: The major reason for the adoption of federal system of government in Nigeria is borne out of the historical experience that brought all the ethical groups together under one Nigeria. This duplicity of government is not alien to a federal structure as identified, except that in the Nigerian case, there is ineffable strife for dominance. This has nexus with the particular sharing formula adopted. Bashar Abubakar Bukkuyum This is good 'nd thank you Blogger. In many countries of the world, federalism has emerged as a means of accommodating the growing desire of people to preserve or revive the intimacy of small societies and the growing necessity for larger combinations to mobilize the utilization of common resources. i dont have my first school leaving certificate. Do you know the reasons for federalism in Nigeria? The chief architect of this theory is Riker. /Font << The 1951 constitution gave more strength to regionalism with the creation of two chamber legislation in the northern and western Nigeria. Put differently, revenue sharing has become a recurrent crisis factor in Nigeria. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Federalism is a defined or is said to be the system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere coordinate and are independent.
International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. The possible reasons for the practice of federalism in Nigeria are several, and have, for instance, been presented as British imposition targeted at a post-colonial relationship, or as a.
Nigeria: A Federation in Search of Federalism Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. is one of the devices built into the federal constitution of Nigeria as a means of achieving unity in diversity. There is a general opinion that Nigeria was formed because of the interest of the British and they had to govern the country under a federation system. Since Nigeria is a heterogeneous nation and Federalism is more practicable in such kind of nation, it is an ideal system of government. The calls for restructuring have been louder particularly from the southern part of Nigeria. Excellent, thanks a lot f Roxy Horner biography: who is Jack Whitehalls girlfriend? 3 Reasons for federal system of government in Nigeria 3.1 1. Federalism: Federal Features in the Colonial State." A chronology of critical events in Nigeria's political development from the adoption of a federal system in 1954 to the present is provided in Table 1. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . All these strengthen political bonds and gave Rice to unity in diversity. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. V(B8eDK@sx AK hG~ u;6DV,pwP# _ O4C sR 8_yC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ Many Nigerian ethnic groups began to agitate for their own states. Federalism in India.
I have said that Nigeria is reputed to be the largest black country around, even Nigeria has claimed to be the giant of Africa by . Stated reasons of the coup were prevailing gangsterism and disorder, corruption and nepotism in the civil government. Now, because the level of the development of the productive forces was still at a rudimentary stage, the pervasiveness of commodity relations was equally at a low level. Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. This paper exploits the growth benefits that ICT sector has provided and its impact on the Nigerian economy. In recent times, specifically in post 2015 general election, there have been new waves of agitations for the Biafra republic by both Movement for Actualization of Sovereign State of Biafra and Indigenous People of Biafra on one hand and for Niger Delta republic by Niger Delta Avengers on the other, added to terrorism and militancy that are already threatening Nigeria fragile state.
Changes in Branch Office Registration Requirements Promoting an awareness of federalism - University of the Philippines Federalism was basically introduced to bring about peace and unity in the different regions of the country. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/
(Pdf) Fiscal Federalism and Local Government Financial Autonomy in Another major reason why federalism was adopted in Nigeria is the multiple ethnic backgrounds in Nigeria. Federalism also in this manner, preserves cultures of the minorities from being drowned in the ocean of the cultures of the majorities. /Length 14727 Wheare who contends that it is a system where powers are shared between central and regional governments so that each is in a sphere cordinate and independent. In the words of Richards, regionalism was introduced to strengthen unity in diversity. Nigeria is a plural society of over 250 tongues and tribes. As at the time of independence, the population of Nigeria was estimated at 45.21 million. Federalism therefore involves the linkage of individuals, groups and policies in lasting but limited union in such a way as to provide for the energetic pursuit of common goals while maintaining the respective integrities of all parties. Are there certain inherent and primordial grievances and preferences? Best information base for latest information both national and international. So for effective governance of a country of this big size, federalism has to be adopted. This paper is a critical exploration of the current challenges bedeviling the Nigerian state, capable of heating up the polity and disintegrating the Nigerian project.
Seven (7) Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria - Blogger In Nigeria, there are different and distinct ethnic groups brought together by colonization. Nigeria's independence was gotten and founded on the basis of a federalist system of Government. % or this it really helped me, Your email address will not be published. This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). It is also an undisputed fact that the Hausas and Yorubas fought Biafra to keep the unity of Nigeria.
PDF Fiscal Federalism in Nigeria: Theory and Dimensions Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions.
PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. All rights reserved. RESTRUCTURE OR DISINTEGRATE, OFFICIAL CORRUPTION AND THE DILEMA OF INSTABILITY IN NIGERIA, The Rationale for AfSol in Peace and Security: The Global, National and Regional Precipitants, Agitation for Restructuring and Resource Control in Nigeria's Federalism: Issues, Perspectives and the Way Forward, Giving Peace a Chance in Nigeria: The Case for a Preventive Diplomacy, Framing of Neo-Biafra Agitations in Selected Nigerian Newspapers, CRISES OF FEDERALISM IN NIGERIA AND THE FUTURE OF THE MIDDLE BELT REGION, Social Media and Hate Speech: Analysis of Comments on Biafra Agitations, Nigeria. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria.
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